PDF // free tool

Shrink PDF file size by downsampling embedded images.
Browser-side.

Last reviewed 2026-06-17

Summary

Reduce PDF file size by downsampling embedded images and stripping metadata. All processing happens in your browser. Free for one compression per day, Tools Pro removes the limit.

  • Downsamples embedded images to reduce file size.
  • Choose compression level: light, medium, strong.
  • Strips embedded metadata for privacy.
  • Runs in your browser, files never uploaded.
Run it
Click or drag a PDF here
Free: 1 compression per day
Compression level

Note: compression rasterises each page to JPEG. Searchable text becomes a flat image. Use Light to preserve quality, Strong for the smallest file.

Free tier: 1 compression per day
Tools Pro: unlimited daily compressions, no watermark.
Free outputs include a Nuvenar watermark on every page. Pro removes it.
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What the number means

What is the Nuvenar Compress PDF tool?

Nuvenar Compress PDF is a free, browser-side tool that shrinks PDF file size by downsampling embedded images, re-encoding them as lower-quality JPEGs, and stripping non-essential metadata. It runs entirely in your browser, so your file never reaches a server. Three compression levels (light, medium, strong) let you trade quality against size. Typical results: 40 to 80% reduction on image-heavy PDFs, 5 to 15% on text-only PDFs.

When to use Compress PDF

  • Email attachments under 10 MB: most corporate mail servers reject larger files. Compression typically gets a 30 MB scan under 10 MB.
  • WhatsApp document sending: WhatsApp caps documents at 100 MB. Smaller PDFs also send faster on slow mobile data.
  • Web upload portals: HMRC, Companies House, and most government portals cap PDF uploads at 5 to 20 MB.
  • Archive storage: a clinic or accountant retaining seven years of records saves significant cloud-storage cost on compressed PDFs.
  • Faster file sharing: a 5 MB PDF opens and previews in any browser instantly; a 50 MB one stalls.

How Compress PDF works

A PDF file has three space hogs: embedded images (usually 80%+ of file size for scanned or image-heavy PDFs), embedded fonts (10 to 15%), and metadata (history, comments, hidden form data, thumbnails). This tool uses pdf-lib and canvas APIs in your browser to extract each embedded raster image, redraw it on a canvas at a lower DPI, re-encode as JPEG at a controlled quality level, and write the smaller image back into the PDF. Fonts are preserved because removing them breaks rendering on machines without those fonts installed.

Compression levels explained

  • Light: halves embedded images to 150 DPI, JPEG quality 80. Use for presentations and documents you will print on a colour laser.
  • Medium: drops images to 96 DPI, JPEG quality 70. Use for email attachments and archived documents.
  • Strong: drops images to 72 DPI, JPEG quality 60. Use for web upload, screen-only reading, or when you must fit under a tight size cap.

Compress PDF vs alternatives

All major tools achieve roughly similar compression ratios at the same DPI and JPEG quality settings. The real differences are privacy, daily caps, and price.

ToolBrowser-sideWatermark on freeFree tier limitPaid price
Nuvenar Compress PDFYesNo watermark1 compression/day, no size cap£9/mo unlimited
SmallpdfNoNo watermark, 2 tasks/day2 compressions/day€9/mo
iLovePDFNoNo watermarkFree, 25 MB upload cap€6/mo
Adobe Acrobat OnlineNoNo watermark2 compressions/day with Adobe ID£15.17/mo + VAT
PDF24 OnlineNoNo watermarkFree, ad-supportedFree online; €9/mo Creator

Privacy and security

Compression is one of the most privacy-sensitive PDF operations because the files involved tend to be large scans (contracts, statements, medical records, ID copies). Browser-side processing means none of that leaves your device. Use this tool on anything you would not want sitting briefly on a third-party server, even with a deletion promise in the privacy policy.

Common use cases by profession

  • Accountants: compress bank statements and HMRC returns to fit email caps when sending to clients.
  • Solicitors: shrink scanned contracts and exhibit bundles before court e-filing.
  • Estate agents: compress floor plans and property photo PDFs before Rightmove or Zoopla upload.
  • Aesthetics and clinic operators: compress before-and-after image PDFs before sharing with patients on WhatsApp.
  • Consultants: shrink proposal decks exported from Keynote or PowerPoint before sending to prospects.
  • Students: compress thesis appendices to fit Turnitin or university portal upload limits.

What is included free vs Tools Pro

Free: one compression per day, no per-file size cap (browser memory permitting), all three compression levels available. Tools Pro at £9/mo: unlimited compressions per day, priority support, plus access to every other Nuvenar PDF tool (merge, split, rotate, watermark, page numbers) and 25+ business calculators.

Frequently misunderstood things about PDF compression

  • Myth: all PDFs can be compressed in half. Reality: text-only PDFs are already near-optimal and compress only 5 to 15%.
  • Myth: compression breaks the text layer. Reality: text and fonts are untouched; only embedded images and metadata are modified.
  • Myth: compressing twice halves the size each time. Reality: compressing an already-compressed PDF usually yields zero further reduction. Compress once at the level you need.
  • Myth: compression removes scanned-text OCR. Reality: the OCR text layer is metadata, not image data, and is preserved. The underlying scan image quality drops, but searchable text still works.
FAQ

How do I compress a PDF for free online?

Drop the PDF into the tool above, pick a compression level (light, medium, strong), and click Compress. The smaller file downloads in under ten seconds for most documents. Free is one compression per day, Tools Pro at £9/mo removes the cap.

How much can this tool compress a PDF?

It depends on what's inside. PDFs with embedded images (scans, brochures, photos) compress 40 to 80% on medium and strong settings. Text-only PDFs compress 5 to 15% because there is little to optimise. A 50 MB scanned brochure typically lands around 8 to 15 MB on strong.

How do I make a PDF smaller than 10 MB for email?

Use the medium or strong setting. Gmail caps attachments at 25 MB total, Outlook at 20 MB, and most internal corporate mail servers at 10 MB. Strong compression typically gets a 30 to 50 MB scanned document under 10 MB. If it still does not fit, split the document with our split tool first.

Does compressing a PDF reduce text quality?

No. Text remains crisp and selectable at every compression level. The tool only downsamples embedded raster images and strips non-essential metadata; the text layer and embedded fonts are untouched.

Are my files uploaded to a server when I compress them?

No. Compression runs entirely in your browser. We never see your file. This matters for confidential contracts, NDAs, medical records, and anything covered by UK GDPR. Smallpdf, iLovePDF, and Adobe Acrobat Online all upload your file to their servers before processing.

What is the free tier limit?

One compression per day on free, with no per-file size cap (limited only by browser memory, typically around 500 MB). Tools Pro at £9/mo removes the daily limit. Smallpdf charges €9/mo and iLovePDF €6/mo for unlimited tiers; Adobe Acrobat Pro is £15.17/mo plus VAT.

Why is my compressed PDF barely smaller than the original?

Three likely causes: the PDF is mostly text (little to optimise), the embedded images are already JPEG-compressed at low quality, or the file is mostly vector graphics. Try Strong compression. If the result is still within 10% of the original, the PDF is already near-optimal and further compression would damage quality.

Does compressing a PDF remove fillable form fields or signatures?

No. Forms, digital signatures, hyperlinks, and annotations are all preserved. The compression only touches embedded raster images and metadata. PDF/A archival flags and accessibility tags are also preserved.

Will email attachments work after I compress the PDF?

Yes. Gmail caps at 25 MB, Outlook at 20 MB, WhatsApp at 100 MB per file, and Slack at 1 GB. Compressing typically gets you under the strictest cap (10 MB for many corporate mail servers) without splitting.

Can I undo PDF compression?

No. Image compression is lossy. The downsampling discards pixel data permanently. Keep your original if you might need full quality later. We recommend compressing a copy, not the master.

How does this compare to Smallpdf, iLovePDF, Adobe Online, or PDF24?

Smallpdf, iLovePDF, and Adobe Online upload your file. PDF24 has a desktop app that stays offline but the web version uploads. Nuvenar processes everything in the browser. Compression ratios are broadly comparable across all five tools on the same compression level; the differentiator is privacy and price.

How do I compress a PDF on a Mac or iPhone?

macOS Preview can compress via File, Export, Quartz Filter, Reduce File Size, but the result is often over-compressed and image-only. iPhone has no built-in PDF compressor. This browser-side tool works on both, gives you control over compression level, and keeps the file local.

Why is my scanned PDF so large in the first place?

Most scanners save each page as a full-resolution JPEG or PNG embedded in the PDF, often 200 to 300 DPI. A 20-page scanned contract can easily be 30 to 80 MB. Strong compression downsamples to 72 DPI and re-encodes JPEGs at quality 60, which usually shrinks scans by 70 to 90% with minimal visible loss.

Hitting the 1-per-day limit?

Tools Pro at £9/mo removes the daily cap on PDF compression plus every other PDF tool, and unlocks 25+ business calculators including WhatsApp pricing, CRM switching cost, and SaaS stack audits.

See Tools Pro